Wenzhou Jinyite Electric Co., Ltd
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What is automatic transfer switch?
Automatic transfer switch is an electrical device used to automatically switch power sources between a primary sources (typically the main power grid) and a secondary source(such as a backup generator or an alternative power supply) in the event of a power outage or failure.Its primary purpose is to ensure a continuous and reliable supply of power to critical loads or equipment.
Key Functions of the auotomatic transfer switch:
1.Automatic detection of power failure:
▪The ATS monitors the primary power source(utility grid) for interruptions or failures.
▪If the primary source fails,the ATS detects the issue and initiates a transfer to the secondary source.
2.Seamless power transfer:
▪Once the primary power source fails,the ATS automatically starts the backup generator and transfers the load to the secondary soucre.
▪This process is designed to minimize downtime and ensure uninterrupted power supply.
3.Automatic return to primary source:
▪When the primary power source is restored,the ATS detects the restoration and switched the load back to the primary source.
▪It then shuts down the secondary source( the generator) and prepares for the next potential outage.
Common applications of ATS:
▪Data centers: To ensure uninterrupted power for servers and critical IT infrastructure.
▪Hospitals: To maintain power for life-saving medical equipment.
▪Industrial facilities: To prevent downtime in manufacturing processes.
▪Commercial buildings: To keep essential systems like lighting,elevators,and security systems operational.
▪Residential homes: For homes with backup generators to maintain power during outages.
Generator KVA:
Kva is the apparent power(Apparent power) of the generator,which indicates the total power capacity that the generator can provide.
KVA=Voltage(V)*Current(A)/1000
Automatic transfer switch Amperes:
The rated current(Amperes) of an ATS indicates the maximum current it can safely switch and carry.
The rated current of an ATS must be greater than or equal to the maximum current of the load to ensure safe operation.
2.Relationship between KVA and ATS Amperes:
Matching principle
The rated current of ATS must be able to carry the maximum current output by the generator.
If the rated current of ATS is less than than maximum current output by generator,ATS may be overloaded,causing damage or safety hazards.
ATS rated current(A)≥ kva*1000/ voltage(V)
3.Consider the power factor
The KVA of the generator is the apparent power,while the actual load is usually expressed in active power(KW). The power factor(PE) is the ratio of the two:
Power factor(PE)=KW/KVA
4.Select the rated current of the ATS
The rated current of the ATS should be slightly higer than the calculated maximum load current to leave a certain safety margin.
5.Precautions in practical application
Load type:
If the load includes a motor or other inductive load, the starting current may be much higher than the rated current. In this case,the rated current of the ATS should be appropriately increasd.
Ambient temperature:
A high temperature environment may reduce the load capacity of the ATS,so it is necessary to select an ATS with a higher rated current.
Futher expansion:
If the load may increase in the future, it is recommended to select an ATS with a higher capacity.
So,the relationship between the generator paeameters(kva) and the rated current(Amperes) of the automatic transfer switch can be calculated by the following formula:
ATS rated current(A)≥ kva*1000/ voltage(V)*PE
Key Functions of the auotomatic transfer switch:
1.Automatic detection of power failure:
▪The ATS monitors the primary power source(utility grid) for interruptions or failures.
▪If the primary source fails,the ATS detects the issue and initiates a transfer to the secondary source.
2.Seamless power transfer:
▪Once the primary power source fails,the ATS automatically starts the backup generator and transfers the load to the secondary soucre.
▪This process is designed to minimize downtime and ensure uninterrupted power supply.
3.Automatic return to primary source:
▪When the primary power source is restored,the ATS detects the restoration and switched the load back to the primary source.
▪It then shuts down the secondary source( the generator) and prepares for the next potential outage.
Common applications of ATS:
▪Data centers: To ensure uninterrupted power for servers and critical IT infrastructure.
▪Hospitals: To maintain power for life-saving medical equipment.
▪Industrial facilities: To prevent downtime in manufacturing processes.
▪Commercial buildings: To keep essential systems like lighting,elevators,and security systems operational.
▪Residential homes: For homes with backup generators to maintain power during outages.
What is relationship between generator parameter kva and automatic transfer switch amperes?
1.Basic conceptsGenerator KVA:
Kva is the apparent power(Apparent power) of the generator,which indicates the total power capacity that the generator can provide.
KVA=Voltage(V)*Current(A)/1000
Automatic transfer switch Amperes:
The rated current(Amperes) of an ATS indicates the maximum current it can safely switch and carry.
The rated current of an ATS must be greater than or equal to the maximum current of the load to ensure safe operation.
2.Relationship between KVA and ATS Amperes:
Matching principle
The rated current of ATS must be able to carry the maximum current output by the generator.
If the rated current of ATS is less than than maximum current output by generator,ATS may be overloaded,causing damage or safety hazards.
ATS rated current(A)≥ kva*1000/ voltage(V)
3.Consider the power factor
The KVA of the generator is the apparent power,while the actual load is usually expressed in active power(KW). The power factor(PE) is the ratio of the two:
Power factor(PE)=KW/KVA
4.Select the rated current of the ATS
The rated current of the ATS should be slightly higer than the calculated maximum load current to leave a certain safety margin.
5.Precautions in practical application
Load type:
If the load includes a motor or other inductive load, the starting current may be much higher than the rated current. In this case,the rated current of the ATS should be appropriately increasd.
Ambient temperature:
A high temperature environment may reduce the load capacity of the ATS,so it is necessary to select an ATS with a higher rated current.
Futher expansion:
If the load may increase in the future, it is recommended to select an ATS with a higher capacity.
So,the relationship between the generator paeameters(kva) and the rated current(Amperes) of the automatic transfer switch can be calculated by the following formula:
ATS rated current(A)≥ kva*1000/ voltage(V)*PE
